1. The Syonan Times, 23 February 1942. "Declaration of the Chief of the Syonan Defence Headquarters of Nippon Army."

2. The Syonan Times, 20 February 1942. “Public Notice.”

3. Australian War Memorial, Series AWM 54 item 779/10/4, Escape Narrative by Lt. M M Pillai, Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners and Lt. V Radhakrishnan, Singapore Volunteers, Appendix F – After the Surrender and up to the time of our Escape (7/5/42), 7 September 1942, p.7.

4. Oral history interview, 2001, in English, Acc 2522 Reel 3.

5. The National Archives of UK, ADM 199/903A, Japanese Administration in Malaya, 8 Jun 1994, pp.21-22.

6. Oral history interview, 1980, in English, Acc 40 Reels 2 & 3.

7. Oral history interview, 1985, in English, Acc 526 Reel 6.

8. The Straits Times, 6 February 1946. “Memorial To Chinese Fallen.”

9. The National Archives of UK, ADM 199/903A, Japanese Administration in Malaya, 8 Jun 1994, pp.21-22.

10. Australian War Memorial, Series AWM 54 item 779/10/4, Narrative by Lt. Pillai, Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners and Lt. V Radhakrishnan, Singapore Volunteers – Appendix F – After the Surrender and up to the time of our Escape (7/5/42), 7 September 1942, p.7.

11. Australia War Memorial, Series AWM 54 item 779/10/4, Narrative by Lt. M M Pillai, Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners and Lt. V Radhakrishnan, Singapore Volunteers, Attitude of Local Population/Treatment of Civilians & Atrocities, Appendix “F”, 7 September 1942.

12. Oral history interview, 2001, in English, Acc 2275 Reel 2.

13. Australia War Memorial, Series AWM 54 item 779/10/4, Narrative by Lt. Pillai, Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners and Lt. V Radhakrishnan, Singapore Volunteers – Appendix F – After the Surrender and up to the time of our Escape (7/5/42), 7 September 1942, p.7.

14. Oral history interview, 1984, in English, Acc 440 Reel 12.

15. Oral history interview, 1984, in Malay, Acc 70 Reels 5 & 6.

16. Oral history interview, 1985, in English, Acc 526 Reel 6.

17. Oral history interview, 1984, in English, Acc 16 Reel 8.

18. Oral history interview, 1983, in English, Acc 273 Reel 3.

19. Oral history interview, 1983, in English, Acc 346 Reel 4.

20. The Syonan Shimbun, 9 August 1944. “Syonan to Mobilize Manpower for Home Front Requirements”; 13 January 1945. “Purpose of New Male Employment Rules Officially Explained.”

21. The Syonan Shimbun, 29 August 1944. “Malai Women Enjoined to Come Out and Work.”